Which factor affecting perception has a great influence on the total perceptual process?

The factor of self-concept significantly influences the total perceptual process because it encompasses an individual's understanding of themselves, including their beliefs, attributes, and self-image. This self-perception plays a crucial role in shaping how one interprets and understands information and experiences in their environment. For example, a person with a positive self-concept may be more open to new experiences and perspectives, thereby influencing how they perceive others and situations. Conversely, someone with a negative self-concept might filter experiences through a lens of insecurity or defensiveness, which can skew their understanding and interpretation.

In contrast, while goals and values are important, they mainly guide decision-making and behavior rather than directly shaping perception. Time and opportunity can affect the ability to perceive situations but do not inherently influence the perception itself. The environment provides context for perception but is less about the individual's intrinsic framework of understanding. Thus, self-concept is fundamental as it directly underlies and colors the perception process, making it a primary factor affecting how information is interpreted and understood.